![]() ![]() Each of these three domains is divided into subdomains. The secondary structure of keratins is also divided into three parts, i.e., the head domain (toward the N-terminal of the molecule), the rod domain in the center and the tail domain. 1984).Īll proteins that form intermediate filaments have a tripartite secondary structure consisting of an N-terminal head domain, a central α - helical rod domain and C-terminal tail domain, and all proteins can self-assemble into filaments. The amino acid sequence of a keratin influences the properties and functions of the keratin filament (Roop et al. The review describes the physiology of keratinization, pathology behind abnormal keratin formation and various keratin disorders.Ä®ach keratin is characterized by a chain of amino acids as the primary structure of the keratin protein, which may vary in the number and sequence of amino acids, as well as in polarity, charge and size (Brown, 1950 Makar et al. This review article discusses the classification, structure, functions, the stains used for the demonstration of keratin and associated pathology. These keratins and keratin-associated proteins have become important markers in diagnostic pathology. In addition, there are a number of disorders which are seen because of abnormal keratinization. Mutations in the genes which regulate the expression of keratin proteins are associated with a number of disorders which show defects in both skin and mucosa. They are expressed in a specific pattern and according to the stage of cellular differentiation. The word keratin covers these intermediate filament-forming proteins within the keratinocytes. These intermediate filaments maintain the structural integrity of the keratinocytes. Mns For most people, fanjs skeat more tfan tfe forearm.Ä®veryoneâs fingerprints are genetically distinct.Cytoskeleton of a cell is made up of microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments. MQRUnV one aRWiXYtZof sen perspiration eX^porates from t]e s_Yn surfaRQ, ]eat is lost. Name the three common fingerprint patterns.įlow to the s9:n is en an<=> s?FHem iates from t e s9:n surfa<=J restri floKĬonserves body heat.Why can fingerprints be used to identify individuals?Ä¡6. What organ system controls the activity of the eccrine sweat glands? Dermography: FingerprintingÄ¡5. Which other body areas would, if tested, prove to have a high density of sweat glands?Ä¡4. Based on class data, which skin areaóthe forearm or palm of handóhas more sweat glands? With what substance in the bond paper does the iodine painted on the skin react?Ä¡3. sloughing stratum corneum cells Plotting the Distribution of Sweat GlandsÄ¡2. Identify each by matching its letter with the appropriate area on the figure.į. Several structures or skin regions are listed below. Describe two integumentary system mechanisms that help in regulating body temperature.Ä¡1. What cell-to-cell structures hold the cells of the stratum spinosum tightly together?Ä¡0. What layer is present in thick skin but not in thin skin? A unique touch receptor formed from a stratum basale cell and a nerve fiber is a.į. Phagocytic cells that occupy the epidermis are called.Ä®. Glands that respond to rising androgen levels are the glands.Ä. granules extruded from the keratinocytes prevent water loss by diffusion throughĬ. ![]() Then, complete the statements thatfollow.Ī. Label the skin structures and areas indicated in the accompanying diagram of thin skin. Infections Proctects against UV radiationĤ. Regulates your body temperature Prevents dehydration area where weblike pre-keratin filaments first appear location of melanocytes and Merkel cellsÄ¡1. has abundant elastic and collagenic fibersÄ¡0. mitotic cells filled with intermediate filamentsÄ©. scalelike dead cells, full of keratin, that constantly slough offĨ. epidermal region exhibiting the most rapid cell divisionħ. major skin area that produces derivatives (nails and hair)Ħ. dermal layer responsible for fingerprintsÄ¥. translucent cells in thick skin containing keratin fibrilsÄ£. Using the key choices, choose all responses that apply to the following descriptions. Four protective functions of the skin areĪ. A localizedthe epidermal cells is calledĬoncentration of melanin is referred to as a 4. The pigments melanin and 3 contribute to skin color. The tough water-repellent protein found in 2. ![]() Complete the following statements by writing the appropriate word or phrase on the correspondingly numbered blank: The Integumentary SystemĬonnective tissue, which makes up the dermis, and The two basic tissues of which the skin is composed 1, which forms the epi- are dense irregularÄermis. ![]()
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